Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) is a ternary composition of the elements indium, tin, and oxygen in varying proportions. The most common composition is 74% indium, 18% oxygen, and 8% tin. ITO is transparent and colourless in thin layer, but in thicker layers it turns a yellowish/ grey.
Is indium tin oxide a compound?
Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a ternary composition of indium, tin and oxygen in varying proportions. Depending on the oxygen content, it can be described as either a ceramic or an alloy.
What is the work function of indium tin oxide?
The work function of thermally evaporated ITO films is reported in the range 4.60–4.75 eV.
Is indium tin oxide safe?
Data for indium oxide (In2O3) and tin oxide (SnO2) are also given below. ITO may cause severe irritation and burns to the skin or eyes. It may also burn the gastrointestinal tract if ingested. Respiratory irritation is possible from inhalation; chronic exposure may cause lung damage (Swarts [Indium Corp.
How is indium tin oxide used in making a touchscreen?
ITO is a transparent semiconductor and is used in applications such as touchscreens, smart windows and displays. The conventional way to make ITO involves evaporating the material in high vacuum and condensing it onto a surface such as a glass sheet using sputtering or pulsed laser deposition.
Is indium tin oxide expensive?
ITO is a scarce and thus expensive material as its major constituent is indium. Consequently, the use of ITO is not sustainable due to its high indium content (above 72 wt. %). The increasing use of ITO is endangered by the scarcity and high price of indium.Feb 6, 2019
Is indium tin oxide toxic?
Health and safety Studies with animals indicate that indium tin oxide is toxic when ingested, along with negative effects on the kidney, lung, and heart.
Is indium safe to touch?
Skin Contact: Symptoms: No health effects expected. If irritation does occur, flush with lukewarm, gently flowing water for 5 minutes. If irritation occurs, obtain medical advice.
What is indium oxide used for?
Indium oxide is used in batteries, transparent thin film infra-red reflectors. It is also commonly doped with tin oxide (SnO2) to make indium tin oxide (ITO), which is used in transparent thin conductive thin films, which are used in various different types of displays, energy efficient windows and photovoltaics.
Where is indium tin oxide used?
Common uses Indium tin oxide (ITO) is an optoelectronic material that is applied widely in both research and industry. ITO can be used for many applications, such as flat-panel displays, smart windows, polymer-based electronics, thin film photovoltaics, glass doors of supermarket freezers, and architectural windows.
How much does indium tin oxide cost?
Price Product Name Product Details
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$238.00 Indium Tin Oxide Type A Purchase This Item
$240.00 Indium Tin Oxide Type D Purchase This Item
Why is ITO expensive?
Circuit Patterning on Flexible Plastic Finally, circuit patterning of ITO on flexible plastic films is expensive due to handling damage which increases in probability as the circuit area increases.
What is indium tin oxide and why is it useful?
Indium tin oxide (ITO) is an optoelectronic material that is applied widely in both research and industry. ITO is often used to make transparent conductive coating for displays such as liquid crystal displays, OLED displays, plasma displays, touch panels, and electronic ink applications.